What is the result of a condition where there is excessive working or metal movement during forging, rolling, or extruding operations?

The result of excessive working or metal movement during forging, rolling, or extruding operations is referred to as a burst. This condition occurs when the material is subjected to more stress than it can withstand, leading to an uncontrolled expansion and rupture of the metal. During the deformation processes, especially when a material is worked at high temperatures or subjected to significant mechanical loads, localized weaknesses can form. These weaknesses can result in bursts, which typically manifest as material failure where cracks or splits occur in the workpiece.

A cold shut refers to a defect that occurs when two portions of molten metal do not fuse properly. Microshrinkage is a defect arising from the cooling of the metal as it solidifies, leading to tiny voids or gaps within the material. An inclusion is a non-metallic material trapped within the metal, often resulting from contamination or the presence of impurities during the metallurgical processes. None of these conditions specifically result from excessive movement or working of the metal in the same way that bursting does.